Fear mongering, or the use of fear to manipulate and control public perception and behavior, has become a prevalent tactic in today’s society. This tactic is often used by politicians, media outlets, and other influential figures to sway public opinion and promote a certain agenda. However, the impact and effectiveness of fear mongering on public perception and behavior is a complex and controversial topic. While some argue that fear can be a powerful tool for driving change, others argue that it can lead to irrational and harmful actions. In this essay, we will discuss the impact and effectiveness of fear mongering in influencing public perception and behavior, and the potential consequences of using fear as a means of persuasion.
Fear mongering (or scaremongering) is the use of fear to influence the opinions and actions of others towards some specific end. The feared object or subject is sometimes exaggerated, and the pattern of fear mongering is usually one of repetition, in order to continuously reinforce the intended effects of this tactic, sometimes in the form of a vicious circle.
Uses
Campaign advertisements
Probably the best-known example in American politics is the Daisy television commercial, a famous campaign television advertisement beginning with a little girl standing in a meadow with chirping birds, picking the petals of a daisy while counting each petal slowly. When she reaches “9”, an ominous-sounding male voice is then heard counting down a missile launch, and as the girl’s eyes turn toward something she sees in the sky, the camera zooms in until her pupil fills the screen, blacking it out. When the countdown reaches zero, the blackness is replaced by the flash and mushroom cloud of a nuclear explosion.
As the firestorm rages, a voice-over from President Johnson states, “These are the stakes! To make a world in which all of God’s children can live, or to go into the dark. We must either love each other, or we must die”. Another voice-over then says, “Vote for President Johnson on November 3. The stakes are too high for you to stay home”.
Product advertisements
New Zealand politician Nick Smith accused Ken Ring of scaremongering in 2011: “Frankly what Mr Ring is doing is no better than people crying fire without cause in a packed stadium or picture theatre.” – March 2011
Advertisers have also entered the arena with their discovery that “fear sells”. Ad campaigns based on fear, sometimes referred to as shockvertising, have become more and more popular in recent years. Fear is a strong emotion and it can be manipulated to steer people into making emotional rather than reasoned choices. From car commercials that imply that having fewer airbags will cause your family harm, to disinfectant commercials that show bacteria lurking on every surface, fear-based advertising works. While using fear in ads has generated some negative reactions by the public, there is evidence to show that “shockvertising” is a highly effective persuasion technique, and over the last several years, advertisers have continued to increase their usage of fear in ads in what has been called a “never-ending arms race in the advertising business”. Author Ken Ring was accused of scaremongering by New Zealand politician Nick Smith. The Auckland seller of almanacs made predictions about earthquakes and weather patterns based on lunar cycles, and some of his predictions were taken seriously by some members of the public in connection with the 2011 earthquakes in Christchurch, New Zealand.