Retrocognition is a term used to describe the ability to perceive and understand events, information, or experiences from the past. It is often associated with psychic or paranormal abilities, but its concept and process can also be explained through scientific and psychological perspectives. In this essay, we will delve into the concept and process of retrocognition, exploring its meaning, theories, and potential applications. By understanding this intriguing phenomenon, we can gain a deeper insight into the human mind and its capabilities.

Retrocognition (also known as postcognition), from the Latin retro meaning “backward, behind” and cognition meaning “knowing,” describes “knowledge of a past event which could not have been learned or inferred by normal means.” The term was coined by Frederic W. H. Myers.

Overview

Retrocognition has long been held by scientific researchers into psychic phenomena to be untestable, given that, in order to verify that an accurate retrocognitive experience has occurred, it is necessary to consult existing documents and human knowledge, the existence of which permits some contemporary basis of the knowledge to be raised. For instance, if you purport retrocognitive knowledge that “Winston Churchill killed a parrot”, the only way of verifying that knowledge would be to consult extant sources of Churchill’s activities. If it is found that he did, indeed, kill a parrot at one time, it could be said that you “simply” obtained contemporary knowledge of this fact (by clairvoyance or telepathy, if needs be, of the relevant documents or someone’s knowledge of them), rather than directly perceived – in the manner of retrocognition – any event in Churchill’s past. Given this fundamental logical difficulty, there has been very little experimental investigation by parapsychologists of retrocognition. The evidence for retrocognition has, therefore, been limited to naturalistic cases suggestive of the phenomenon.

The most popularly celebrated case of retrocognition concerns the visions in 1901 of Annie Moberly and Eleanor Jourdain – two scholars and early administrators of British university education for women – as they tried to find their way to Marie Antoinette’s private château, the Petit Trianon. Becoming lost on their way, they believed that they instead came unto the Queen’s presence itself. They published an account of their experience in 1911 as An Adventure. Moberly and Jourdain described how they had become convinced, over the following weeks, that persons they saw and even spoke to on that occasion – given certain details of dress, accent, topography and architecture – must have been of a presumed recollection by Marie Antoinette, on August 10, 1792, of her last days at Trianon in 1789. While often considered in popular literature as evidence for retrocognition, the book was immediately dismissed by Eleanor Sidgwick, a leading member of the British Society for Psychical Research, in an article published in its Proceedings, as the product of mutual confabulation.

Trivia

Many fictional characters in television and movies exhibit this ability; examples of such would be Phoebe Halliwell of Charmed, Allison DuBois from Medium and Emery Waterman from Rose Red. Literary characters with the ability include the protagonist Sarah Parsons (and several of her maternal ancestors) in the young adult time travel series Amber House.
The Fox series Fringe added “Retrocognition” to the various parapsychological terms appearing in its opening credits sequence in Season 3.